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Access over workers' compensation decisions, including En Banc, Significant Panel Decisions, and writ-denied cases.

Case No. MISSING
Regular Panel Decision

Thoms v. Educational Credit Management Corp. (In Re Thoms)

Kashima Thoms, a Chapter 7 debtor, initiated an adversary proceeding seeking the discharge of her substantial student loan obligations totaling $90,948.58, citing "undue hardship" under 11 U.S.C. § 523(a)(8). Educational Credit Management Corp. (ECMC) became the primary defendant, administering all of Thoms's student loans. The U.S. Bankruptcy Court applied the Second Circuit's stringent three-part Brunner test, which requires demonstrating an inability to maintain a minimal living standard, persistence of this hardship, and good faith repayment efforts. The Court found that Thoms, earning $48,000 annually, had sufficient disposable income, and her financial prospects were likely to improve, particularly with potential changes in childcare expenses and family living arrangements. Crucially, Thoms had made only minimal payments years prior and failed to utilize available loan restructuring options, thereby failing to prove good faith. Consequently, the Court ruled that Thoms did not establish undue hardship, denying the discharge of her student loan debts.

Bankruptcy LawStudent Loan DischargeUndue Hardship DoctrineBrunner TestChapter 7 BankruptcyAdversary ProceedingFinancial DistressRepayment EffortsFederal Student LoansDebtor-Creditor Law
References
4
Case No. MISSING
Regular Panel Decision

Turner v. General Motors Acceptance Corp.

David Turner sued General Motors Acceptance Corporation (GMAC) alleging violations of the Consumer Leasing Act (CLA) and the Uniform Commercial Code (UCC). Turner claimed GMAC failed to disclose that it earned non-interest benefits, referred to as 'earnings credits,' from his security deposit. GMAC moved for summary judgment, asserting it met disclosure obligations and did not earn interest, but rather received credits to offset bank fees. The court determined that earnings credits were not equivalent to interest and did not constitute 'charges payable by the lessee' or 'security interest' requiring disclosure under the CLA. Consequently, the court granted GMAC's motion for summary judgment on the CLA claim, denied Turner's partial summary judgment motion, and dismissed his state-law claims for lack of subject matter jurisdiction. Turner's motion for class action certification was denied as moot.

Consumer Leasing ActUCCSecurity DepositEarnings CreditsDisclosure RequirementsSummary JudgmentFederal JurisdictionState Law ClaimsClass ActionAutomobile Lease
References
18
Case No. 2019 NY Slip Op 04295 [172 AD3d 655]
Regular Panel Decision
May 30, 2019

Capital Bus. Credit LLC v. Tailgate Clothing Co., Corp.

The Appellate Division, First Department, affirmed a Supreme Court order regarding a dispute between Capital Business Credit LLC (plaintiff) and Tailgate Clothing Company, Corp. (defendant). Plaintiff purchased accounts receivable from a nonparty related to clothing manufacturing. Defendant paid some invoices but left 12 outstanding. Defendant claimed an equitable recoupment credit for payments made to the Worker Rights Consortium (WRC) for severance pay to Honduran workers, which became due after the manufacturer violated local law by not paying severance. The Court found issues of fact precluding summary judgment on the account stated claim and correctly sustained the equitable recoupment defense, noting it was based on transactions linked to the defendant's licensing and manufacturing agreements. The court also rejected plaintiff's waiver and estoppel arguments.

Equitable recoupmentAccount stated claimSummary judgmentAccounts receivableBreach of contractTimeliness of objectionLicensing agreementManufacturing agreementHonduran labor lawSeverance pay
References
6
Case No. 2022 NY Slip Op 06664
Regular Panel Decision
Nov 23, 2022

Szypula v. Szypula

This case involves an appeal from a judgment regarding the equitable distribution of marital property in a divorce action between Meredith Szypula (wife) and John Szypula (husband). The primary dispute centers on the classification of military pension credits earned by the husband prior to the marriage but subsequently "bought back" using marital funds during the marriage. Supreme Court initially classified these credits as marital property. However, the Appellate Division, Third Department, reversed this determination, ruling that the nine years of pre-marriage military service credits constitute the husband's separate property. The court reasoned that these credits were earned as compensation for services rendered before the marriage. While the credits themselves were deemed separate property, the marital funds utilized for their purchase are subject to equitable distribution. The matter was remitted to the Supreme Court to amend the qualified domestic relations order to reflect this distinction.

Equitable DistributionMarital PropertySeparate PropertyPension CreditsMilitary PensionDivorceAppellate ReviewDomestic Relations LawBuy Back CreditsPre-Marital Assets
References
16
Case No. ADJ11229680
Regular
Oct 13, 2025

BEATRIZ MACIAS vs. COUNTY OF LOS ANGELES SHERIFF'S DEPARTMENT, SEDGWICK CLAIMS MANAGEMENT SERVICES, INC.

Applicant Beatriz Macias (deceased) sought reconsideration of a Findings of Fact and Award (F&A) that found her 100% permanently disabled but applied credits for earnings, temporary disability, and Labor Code section 4850 benefits. The defendant argued the credit was appropriate to prevent double recovery. The Appeals Board granted reconsideration, determining that the WCJ improperly allowed credits for temporary disability indemnity, salary, or section 4850 benefits, as permanent disability compensates for physical loss and lost earning capacity, distinct from temporary disability. Consequently, the F&A was amended to permit credit solely for permanent disability paid and reasonable attorney fees, with the remainder of the F&A affirmed.

Workers' Compensation Appeals BoardDeputy SheriffMetastatic Breast CancerUlnar Nerve InjuryPermanent Total DisabilityPetition for ReconsiderationLabor Code Section 4850Temporary Total DisabilityPermanent Disability IndemnityCredit for Benefits Paid
References
7
Case No. MISSING
Regular Panel Decision

Credit One Financial v. Anderson (In re Anderson)

Plaintiff Orrin Anderson, a debtor, had his credit card debt with Credit One discharged in bankruptcy, but the debt remained on his credit report as 'charged off.' Anderson reopened his bankruptcy case and filed a class action complaint against Credit One for alleged violations of the discharge injunction. Credit One moved to compel arbitration, strike class allegations, and dismiss for lack of subject matter jurisdiction, which the Bankruptcy Court denied. Credit One appealed the denial to compel arbitration as of right and sought leave to appeal the denials to strike class allegations and dismiss for lack of subject matter jurisdiction. The District Court denied Credit One's motion for leave to appeal, finding no basis for pendent appellate jurisdiction or interlocutory appeal for the additional issues.

Bankruptcy Discharge InjunctionClass Action WaiverSubject Matter JurisdictionInterlocutory AppealPendent Appellate JurisdictionArbitration AgreementFederal Statutory ClaimsContempt PowerPunitive DamagesInjunctive Relief
References
49
Case No. MISSING
Regular Panel Decision

Gioia v. Cattaraugus County Nursing Home

The case involves an appeal from a Workers' Compensation Board decision regarding a claimant's reduced earnings award. The claimant, a nurse's aide with a permanent partial disability from a back injury, had her weekly compensation rate adjusted by the Board to be based on her actual reduced earnings from her current job, rather than her degree of disability. The employer and its workers' compensation carrier appealed, arguing that the Board should have considered the claimant's capacity to earn more. The court affirmed the Board's decision, reiterating that for claimants demonstrating labor market attachment, wage-earning capacity must be determined exclusively by actual earnings during disability, as evidence of capacity to earn more or less, including medical evidence of disability degree, is prohibited.

reduced earnings awardpermanent partial disabilitywage earning capacitylabor market attachmentactual earningsworkers' compensation lawappeal decisionjudicial reviewindependent medical examinationemployer appeal
References
6
Case No. MISSING
Regular Panel Decision

Claim of Burns v. Town of Colonie

Claimant, a police officer, suffered work-related injuries in 2000, leading to a permanent partial disability classification and workers’ compensation benefits. After settling a third-party negligence action in 2004, the employer's carrier accrued a credit, ceasing benefit payments to claimant. The claimant sought continued benefits, initially denied by a Workers’ Compensation Law Judge but later reversed by the Workers’ Compensation Board. The appellate court affirmed the Board's decision, finding the carrier failed to prove that the claimant's reduced earning capacity was solely due to factors other than his disability, which was supported by his ongoing medical issues and testimony regarding work limitations.

Reduced Earnings BenefitsPermanent Partial DisabilityThird-Party Settlement CreditCarrier's Credit ExhaustionLabor Market AttachmentMedical ImpairmentAppellate AffirmationPolice Officer InjuryWorkers' Compensation Law § 29Disability Benefits
References
4
Case No. MISSING
Regular Panel Decision

Claim of Arena v. Crown Asphalt Co.

Thomas Arena (decedent) sustained a work-related foot injury in 1980, leading to workers' compensation benefits and subsequent renal failure. Decedent and his wife (claimant) filed a third-party medical malpractice action against treating physicians and the hospital, which was settled in 1988 through a structured settlement. A stipulation between the carrier and decedent outlined the carrier's offset credit against decedent's workers' compensation claim and reserved rights against future death benefits claims, but claimant was not a signatory. After decedent's death in 1993, claimant filed for death benefits, prompting the carrier to seek an offset credit from the third-party settlement proceeds. The Workers’ Compensation Board initially found the carrier entitled to a credit, but later reversed itself, ruling against any credit. The appeals court determined that the carrier sufficiently preserved its offset rights through a general release signed by both claimant and decedent. However, it found no clear agreement on the specific offset amount in the stipulation or settlement that applied to claimant's death benefits. Consequently, the Board's decision of zero credit was reversed, and the matter was remitted for a factual determination of the precise credit amount.

Offset CreditThird-Party SettlementDeath Benefits ClaimRenal FailureMedical MalpracticeStipulation AgreementGeneral ReleaseWaiver of RightsStructured SettlementApportionment of Damages
References
12
Case No. MISSING
Regular Panel Decision

Claim of Finocchio v. W. A. White Underwear Corp.

The claimant, a sewing machine operator, sustained an injury in 1955 and was later found to have a permanent partial disability in 1963. In 1974, her employer ceased operations, leading to an inability to find new work. The Workers’ Compensation Board awarded benefits for reduced earnings, determining she remained in the labor market. The employer appealed, arguing that the reduced earnings were solely due to economic conditions. The appellate court reversed the Board's decision, finding insufficient proof that the claimant’s disability contributed to her reduced earnings after her employer went out of business, and remitted the case for further findings on the cause of the reduced earnings.

Workers' CompensationPermanent Partial DisabilityReduced EarningsEconomic ConditionsCausationBurden of ProofAppellate ReviewRemittalWorkers' Compensation Board
References
4
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