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Access over workers' compensation decisions, including En Banc, Significant Panel Decisions, and writ-denied cases.

Case No. MISSING
Regular Panel Decision

Brown v. Edwards Transfer Co., Inc.

Justice Spears, in a concurring and dissenting opinion, argues that the Texas Wrongful Death Act's term "children" should not include illegitimate, adult, non-dependent children. The opinion contends that neither case law, statutes like the Probate Code or Family Code, nor legislative history supports such a broad interpretation, highlighting the statutory origin of wrongful death actions. Spears distinguishes the current case from U.S. Supreme Court precedents, Levy v. Louisiana and Weber v. Aetna Casualty & Surety Company, by emphasizing that those cases focused on dependent illegitimate children, whereas the children in the present case were adults and not financially dependent. The Justice concludes that extending the act to non-dependent adult children constitutes judicial legislating and goes against legislative intent.

Illegitimate ChildrenWrongful Death ActStatutory InterpretationDependencyTexas LawProbate CodeFamily CodeWorkers Compensation ActEqual ProtectionSeparation of Powers
References
3
Case No. 04-24-00516-CV & 04-24-00521-CV
Regular Panel Decision
Aug 13, 2025

B&T Dependable Services, LLC and Bernell Gardener v. Edward Santos

Edward Santos, performing work for B&T Dependable Services, LLC, was injured in a truck accident. B&T had workers' compensation coverage, and Texas Mutual Insurance Company provided Santos benefits. Santos subsequently sued B&T and Bernell Gardener for negligence, disputing his employment status. An administrative law judge (ALJ) previously ruled Santos was an employee, and Santos did not appeal this decision. Appellants filed a plea to the jurisdiction and a motion for summary judgment, arguing that the exclusive remedy provision of the Texas Labor Code and the doctrine of election of remedies barred Santos's lawsuit. The appellate court affirmed the trial court's denial of the plea to the jurisdiction, citing recent Supreme Court precedent that the Division of Workers' Compensation does not hold exclusive jurisdiction over negligence claims not predicated on entitlement to benefits. The court also affirmed the denial of the motion for summary judgment, concluding that appellants failed to conclusively prove every element of their affirmative defense of election of remedies.

Workers' Compensation LawNegligence ClaimExclusive Remedy DoctrineElection of RemediesSubject Matter JurisdictionAppellate Court ReviewSummary Judgment DenialTexas Labor CodeEmployment Status DisputeAdministrative Remedies Exhaustion
References
19
Case No. MISSING
Regular Panel Decision

State ex rel. Dunn v. Catholic Home Bureau for Dependent Children

Maureen M. Dunn filed a writ of habeas corpus to regain custody of "Baby Girl" Dunn, born April 6, 1986, after executing a surrender for adoption to Catholic Home Bureau for Dependent Children (CHB) on May 1, 1986. The child was placed with prospective adoptive parents, John and Mary Doe, on April 10, 1986. Dunn attempted to revoke her surrender on May 21, 1986, within the 30-day period stipulated by Social Services Law § 384(5). The adoptive parents moved to dismiss or transfer the case, arguing against Supreme Court jurisdiction. The court retained jurisdiction and, following hearings, addressed Dunn's claims of fraud, duress, or coercion in the surrender's execution, which it ultimately denied despite concerns about CHB's procedures and a witness's credibility. The court also clarified the application of Social Services Law §§ 383(6) and 384(5) regarding the natural mother's rights post-surrender, ruling that Dunn lost her presumption of superiority once the child was placed in an adoptive home, requiring the custody determination to be based solely on the child's best interests. Considering the stability, financial security, and family ties of the adoptive parents versus the natural mother's temporary employment, uncertain support from the natural father, and past substance use during pregnancy, the court found it in the child's best interest to remain with the adoptive parents and be adopted by them.

AdoptionChild CustodyHabeas CorpusSurrender of Parental RightsBest Interests of the ChildParental RightsSocial Services LawRevocation of SurrenderFraudDuress
References
10
Case No. MISSING
Regular Panel Decision

Fusner v. Coop Construction Co.

This workers' compensation case addresses whether non-resident foreign nationals can qualify as 'dependents' under Tennessee law. The Supreme Court affirmed the trial court's judgment that the decedent employee's parents were 'dependents' but reversed the finding that they were 'actual dependents.' The Court held that the parents were 'partial dependents' because the father, Mr. Diaz, earned some income at the time of the employee's death. The case was remanded for further proceedings to determine the appropriate benefit for the parents as partial dependents.

Workers' Compensation LawAlien DependentsNon-resident NationalsActual DependentsPartial DependentsStatutory InterpretationHearsay ExceptionBusiness RecordsAppellate ReviewRemand Order
References
11
Case No. MISSING
Regular Panel Decision

MTA Bus Non-Union Employees Rank & File Committee ex rel. Simone v. Metropolitan Transportation Authority

The MTA Bus Non-Union Employees Rank and File Committee, along with fourteen individual plaintiffs, brought an action against the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) and MTA Bus Company (MTA Bus) concerning pension benefits. Plaintiffs asserted claims including violations of the Equal Protection Clauses of the United States and New York State Constitutions, two distinct breaches of contract, a violation of Section 115 of the New York Civil Services Law, and negligent misrepresentation. The court granted the defendants' motion for summary judgment on all claims and denied the plaintiffs' cross-motion for summary judgment. The court found that the pension benefit classifications had a rational basis, the contract claims were defeated by unambiguous plan documents, the Civil Services Law claim lacked jurisdictional basis, and the negligent misrepresentation claim was invalid as it was based on future promises.

Equal Protection ClauseRational Basis ReviewSummary JudgmentPension BenefitsBreach of ContractMTA Bus CompanyMetropolitan Transportation AuthorityNon-Union EmployeesNew York Civil Service LawNegligent Misrepresentation
References
24
Case No. MISSING
Regular Panel Decision

Westerhaus v. Liberty Mutual Insurance Co.

Justice Lagarde dissents in a case concerning the readjudication of "future dependency" of a minor under the Workers' Compensation Act. In 1982, Stacie was found dependent, with an insurance company, Liberty, paying benefits until 1993 when it sought readjudication. The trial court's judgment allowed for readjudication based on a "material change of the then circumstances of dependency." Lagarde argues that Liberty's summary judgment evidence, which included Stacie's admissions about her financial independence and age, conclusively proved this material change. Therefore, Justice Lagarde would have affirmed the summary judgment in favor of Liberty.

Future DependencyMinor DependencyWorkers' CompensationReadjudicationMaterial Change of CircumstancesSummary JudgmentDissenting OpinionAdult Child DependencyFinancial IndependenceInsurance Benefits
References
0
Case No. ADJ1940516 (GOL 0101910)
Regular
Apr 29, 2011

TONY COSTANTINO (Deceased), ELLIE COSTANTINO (Widow), CIERA MILLENDER (Dependent) vs. SANTA BARBARA SCHOOL DISTRICT

This case concerns whether a stepdaughter is entitled to the conclusive presumption of total dependency for workers' compensation death benefits under Labor Code section 3501. The Workers' Compensation Appeals Board (WCAB) rescinded the prior award, holding that the conclusive presumption does not apply to stepchildren absent legal adoption. The Board found insufficient evidence regarding the stepdaughter's actual dependency and returned the matter for further proceedings to develop the record on this issue. The WCAB clarified that while stepchildren can be dependents, the specific statutory presumption of total dependency is limited to "children" under the law.

Workers' Compensation Appeals BoardIndustrial InjuryDeath BenefitsDependencyLabor Code Section 3501Conclusive PresumptionStepchildPartial DependentReconsiderationWCJ
References
3
Case No. ADJ9440770 ADJ8897603
Regular
Nov 02, 2016

LEE WOOLEVER (Deceased); PENNY WOOLEVER; DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS DEATH WITHOUT DEPENDENTS UNIT vs. CITY OF LONG BEACH

This case concerns a claim for workers' compensation death benefits by Penny Woolever, the ex-wife of deceased employee Lee Woolever. Ms. Woolever argued she was a total dependent despite their divorce due to ongoing financial support and a close relationship. The Workers' Compensation Appeals Board affirmed the finding that she was not a dependent, as their divorce was final and they never resumed cohabitation. The Board distinguished this case from precedent allowing dependency claims based on reconciliation. Consequently, the death benefit was awarded to the Department of Industrial Relations, Death Without Dependents Unit.

Esophageal cancerDeath benefitsDependency claimLabor Code section 3502Reconciliation of marriageSpousal supportTotal dependentDivorce decreeWCJ ReportLloyd Corporation
References
5
Case No. MISSING
Regular Panel Decision

Claim of the Estate of Smith v. Atlas Assembly/Crawford Furniture Manufacturing Corp.

This case involves an appeal from a Workers' Compensation Board decision that mandated Maryland Casualty Company, as the employer's carrier, to make payments to both the Uninsured Employers’ Fund and the Vocational Rehabilitation Fund following the death of Raymond Smith in an industrial accident. The employer contested the constitutionality of Workers’ Compensation Law § 16 (4-b), which allows death benefits to non-dependent individuals, arguing it violates both the New York and United States Constitutions by extending beyond purely compensatory purposes for pecuniary loss. The court rejected these arguments, affirming the Legislature's broad authority under the New York Constitution, article I, § 18, to establish a compensation system that includes benefits for non-dependents and also serves to protect employers from further litigation. Additionally, the court found the employer lacked standing to assert federal equal protection and due process claims on behalf of others. Consequently, the court upheld the constitutionality of the Workers’ Compensation Law provisions and affirmed the Board's decision.

Workers' Compensation LawConstitutional LawNew York State ConstitutionDue Process ClauseEqual Protection ClauseDeath BenefitsNondependent BeneficiariesUninsured Employers' FundVocational Rehabilitation FundStanding (Legal)
References
7
Case No. MISSING
Regular Panel Decision

Claim of Gabisch v. J. F. C. Rental Corp.

Martin C. Gabisch died from injuries sustained in a work-related accident on March 28, 1985. His parents, Martin J. Gabisch and his wife (referred to as Claimant Mother), filed a claim for compensation asserting dependency. Initially, a finding of dependence was made, but the Workers’ Compensation Board reversed this, concluding that the claimants were not wholly or partially dependent on the decedent. The claimants subsequently appealed this Board decision. The court reviewed the evidence, noting that the deceased contributed approximately $550 per month to the family income, while the claimant father earned about $3,000 per month. The court determined that the evidence presented did not establish that the claimants were dependent upon the decedent, as they needed to prove they were not independently self-supporting. Consequently, the Board’s decision was affirmed.

Parental DependencyWorkers' CompensationAppellate ReviewFinancial SupportWork-Related AccidentDependency ClaimBoard DecisionAffirmation
References
1
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