Travelers Indemnity Co. of Illinois v. Fuller
Regina Fuller sued Travelers Indemnity Company of Illinois and Travelers Insurance Company (collectively, "Travelers") for gross negligence, alleging their actions caused her father's death due to exposure to hazardous chemicals at American Petrofina, where Travelers was the compensation carrier and performed safety audits. Fuller argued that the Texas Constitution, Article 16, Section 26, created an independent cause of action for punitive damages, and that the Workers' Compensation Act's immunity provision was unconstitutional as it limited her right to punitive damages and violated the Open Courts Provision. The trial court granted summary judgment for Travelers, but the court of appeals reversed. The Supreme Court of Texas reversed the court of appeals' judgment, holding that Article 16, Section 26 does not create a cause of action for punitive damages where no cause of action for compensatory damages exists, and that the Workers' Compensation Act's immunity provision is constitutional. The Court affirmed the common law requirement of actual damages for punitive damages and stated the Open Courts Provision does not apply to wrongful death actions as they did not exist at common law.