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Access over workers' compensation decisions, including En Banc, Significant Panel Decisions, and writ-denied cases.

Case No. KP-0431
Regular Panel Decision
Feb 16, 2023

Untitled Texas Attorney General Opinion: KP-0431

This opinion addresses the applicability of Texas's minimum wage laws to minor league baseball players. It confirms that minor league baseball players are "covered by" the federal Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA), which subsequently exempts them from the minimum wage requirements of Texas Labor Code chapter 62, pursuant to section 62.151. The opinion further considers whether a state-law exemption for "amusement or recreational establishments" under Labor Code section 62.158 would apply. It notes that this is a fact-bound inquiry, but suggests that a six-month baseball season could meet the seasonality requirement for this exemption.

Minimum Wage LawsFair Labor Standards Act (FLSA)Minor League BaseballTexas Labor CodeExemptionsAmusement or Recreational EstablishmentSave America’s Pastime Act (SAPA)Interstate CommerceEmployment LawAttorney General Opinion
References
16
Case No. 23-0697
Regular Panel Decision
Jun 28, 2024

State of Texas Office of the Attorney General of the State of Texas Texas Medical Board Texas Health and Human Services Commission And Ken Paxton, in His Official Capacity as Attorney General of the State of Texas v. Lazaro Loe, Individually and as Next Friend of Luna Loe, a Minor Mary Moe and Matthew Moe, Individually and as Next Friends of Maeve Moe, a Minor Nora Noe, Individually and as Next Friend of Nathan Noe, a Minor Sarah Soe and Steven Soe, Individually and as Next Friends of Samantha Soe, a Minor Gina Goe, Individually and as Next Friend of Grayson Goe, a Minor Pflag, Inc. Richard Ogden Roberts III, M.D. David L. Paul, M.D. Patrick W. O'malley, M.D. And American Association of Physicians for Human

The Supreme Court of Texas reversed and vacated a temporary injunction against Senate Bill 14, which prohibits certain medical treatments for minors related to gender transition. Parents of children with gender dysphoria, along with physicians and LGBTQ+ advocacy groups, had challenged the law as unconstitutional, alleging infringements on parental rights, occupational freedom for physicians, and discrimination based on sex and transgender status. The Court concluded that the plaintiffs failed to establish a probable right to relief, asserting that parental rights are not absolute and the Legislature has constitutional authority to regulate medicine, especially regarding novel treatments for new conditions. The Court also found no unconstitutional discrimination, stating the law treats males and females equally in its prohibitions and that "transgender status" is not a protected class under the Texas Constitution.

Parental RightsMedical RegulationGender DysphoriaConstitutional LawDue Course of LawEqual ProtectionTransgender RightsMinors' Medical TreatmentLegislative AuthorityTexas Supreme Court
References
62
Case No. 06-01-00034-CV
Regular Panel Decision
Feb 22, 2002

Terry Allen and Wife, Brenda Allen, Individually and A/N/F Matthew Allen, a Minor, Timothy Allen, a Minor and Jennifer Allen, a Minor v. a & T Transportation Company, Inc.

Terry Allen, a truck driver, sustained injuries when his partially-loaded tanker truck overturned. He and his wife, individually and as next friends for their minor children, sued his employer, A & T Transportation Company, Inc., alleging that the company failed to warn or train him about the unique handling characteristics of a partially-loaded tanker. The trial court granted summary judgment in favor of A & T. On appeal, the Allens argued that the trial court erred because A & T had a mandatory and nondelegable duty to warn employees of hazards and provide a safe workplace. The appellate court found no legal authority supporting a duty for an employer to train an experienced individual in their chosen trade. The court concluded that the employer had no duty to instruct Terry Allen, thereby negating a necessary element of the Allens' negligence claim. Consequently, the summary judgment was affirmed.

Summary JudgmentAppellate ReviewEmployer DutyNegligence ClaimTruck Driver InjuryTanker Truck AccidentPartial Load HazardDuty to WarnDuty to TrainExperienced Employee
References
35
Case No. 14-18-01059-CV
Regular Panel Decision
Jan 28, 2021

Rose A. Munguia, as Next Friend of E.S.U., a Minor and J.M.U., a Minor v. Justrod, Inc.

In this appeal, Rose A. Munguia, as next friend of minor children E.S.U. and J.M.U., challenges the trial court’s grant of summary judgment favoring Justrod, Inc. in a wrongful death action. Jose Ucles, the deceased, was working for Justrod as a framer when he fell to his death. Ucles was covered by worker’s compensation insurance. Munguia filed a lawsuit alleging wrongful death and gross negligence. Justrod filed both a no-evidence motion for summary judgment and a traditional motion for summary judgment, which were granted by the trial court. The appellate court affirmed the judgment because Munguia failed to challenge all the grounds on which the summary judgment could have been based.

Summary JudgmentWrongful DeathGross NegligenceWorker's Compensation ActExclusive RemedyAppellate ProcedureChallenge All GroundsNo-Evidence Summary JudgmentTraditional Summary JudgmentFramer Accident
References
13
Case No. 03-22-00126-CV
Regular Panel Decision
Mar 29, 2024

Greg Abbott in His Official Capacity as Governor of the State of Texas, Stephanie Muth in Her Official Capacity of Commissioner of the Department of Family and Protective Services, and the Texas Department of Family and Protective Services v. Jane Doe, Individually and as Parent and Next Friend of Mary Doe, a Minor John Doe, Individually and as Parent and Next Friend of Mary Doe, a Minor And Dr. Megan Mooney

This case involves an appeal concerning a temporary injunction against the State of Texas for issuing a directive that classifies gender-affirming medical care for minors as child abuse. Appellees, including parents of a transgender adolescent and a psychologist, sued to enjoin the State from initiating child abuse investigations based on this directive. The trial court denied the State's plea to the jurisdiction and granted a temporary injunction. The Court of Appeals affirmed the denial of jurisdiction and the injunction against the Department of Family and Protective Services and its Commissioner, concluding that the directive constituted an invalid rule under the APA and caused irreparable harm. However, it reversed the denial of jurisdiction and dismissed claims against the Governor, stating he lacked authority to control investigatory decisions.

Gender-affirming careChild abuse policyTemporary injunctionAdministrative Procedure ActUltra viresParental rightsEqual protectionDue processState government authorityJudicial review
References
62
Case No. MISSING
Regular Panel Decision

Minor v. Commercial Insurance Co. of Newark

Robert T. Minor filed a worker's compensation suit against Harrison and Walker Construction Company, alleging total and permanent disability due to an injury sustained during employment. The jury found that Minor did not sustain an injury on the alleged date, leading to a take-nothing judgment. Minor appealed, challenging the exclusion of notations from Dr. Thomas Glover's record regarding his low back pain and its origin from construction work. The appellate court affirmed the trial court's judgment, finding the exclusion of 'Low back pain' harmless and the notation about the injury's origin inadmissible under the circumstances, and that the appellant failed to re-offer the evidence when it became admissible as rebuttal.

Worker's CompensationHearsay RuleMedical Records AdmissibilityEvidence ExclusionReversible ErrorCumulative EvidenceExpert OpinionSelf-Serving DeclarationsRebuttal EvidenceAppellate Review
References
11
Case No. MISSING
Regular Panel Decision

Lambert v. Affiliated Foods, Inc.

Danny Lee Lambert and his family appealed a trial court's summary judgment favoring Affiliated Foods, Inc., on a personal injury claim. Lambert, injured while employed by non-subscriber Affiliated, had waived his right to sue in exchange for benefits from the company's disability plan. After accepting $57,698.32 in benefits, Lambert filed suit, but the trial court upheld Affiliated's defenses of waiver, ratification, and estoppel. On appeal, Lambert contended the waiver was void against public policy and argued that the plan benefits were not equivalent to workers' compensation. The appellate court affirmed the summary judgment, declining to invalidate the waiver on public policy grounds and citing prior case law that upheld such waivers against non-subscribing employers.

Workers' Compensation Non-SubscriberWaiver of RightsEmployment AgreementPublic PolicySummary Judgment AppealPersonal InjuryEmployer Disability Benefit PlanEstoppel DefenseRatification DefenseSeparation of Powers
References
26
Case No. ADJ8517777
Regular
Oct 07, 2019

DOUGLAS ARONSON vs. WORLD LEAGUE OF AMERICAN FOOTBALL, LIBERTY MUTUAL INSURANCE, STATE COMPENSATION INSURANCE FUND, PHILADELPHIA EGLES, FAIRMONT PREMIER INSURANCE COMPANY

In *Aronson v. World League of American Football*, the Workers' Compensation Appeals Board denied a petition for reconsideration, upholding an arbitrator's finding. The core issue was whether the State Compensation Insurance Fund's (SCIF) policy covered all employees of the League injured within California's jurisdiction, or only those affiliated with the Sacramento Surge. The Board affirmed that standard workers' compensation policies cover all employees unless explicitly limited, and any ambiguity is resolved in favor of the insured. Therefore, SCIF's policy was interpreted to provide coverage for all League employees injured in California during the relevant period.

Workers' Compensation Appeals BoardPetition for ReconsiderationInsurance Policy InterpretationSCIF PolicyCalifornia JurisdictionAmbiguity Resolved Against InsurerGreatest CoverageArbitrator's DecisionFindings and AwardState Compensation Insurance Fund
References
0
Case No. W2008-02605-COA-R3-CV
Regular Panel Decision
Oct 15, 2009

Silvino Gonzales, Invidually and as Next Friend of Rubcel Gonzales, a Minor v. Judith Long

This case involves an appeal stemming from a minor automobile accident where Silvino Gonzales, individually and on behalf of his minor son Rubicel Gonzales, sued Judith Long for whiplash injuries. Although the defendant admitted fault for the accident, she disputed causing any damages. The jury returned a verdict for the defendant despite testimony from Dr. Michael Douglas Hellman, who opined that Rubicel was injured by the accident. The plaintiffs appealed, challenging the admission of evidence questioning Dr. Hellman's credibility and arguing the jury's verdict was unsupported. The Court of Appeals of Tennessee affirmed the circuit court's decision, concluding that the challenged evidence was relevant to witness credibility and that material evidence supported the jury's finding that the plaintiffs failed to prove injury or causation.

Automobile AccidentPersonal InjuryWhiplashMedical Expert TestimonyJury VerdictEvidence AdmissibilityWitness CredibilityCausation DisputeAppeal AffirmationTennessee Appellate Court
References
25
Case No. 11-22-00273-CV
Regular Panel Decision
Mar 07, 2024

City of Stephenville, Self-Insured v. Anna Belew, Jodi Belew, Minor C.B., and Minor R.B.

This workers' compensation death benefits case addresses whether pancreatic cancer, experienced by a firefighter, is a compensable injury arising from their employment under Texas law. The central issue revolved around which party held the burden of proof to establish that the cancerous condition was a compensable injury. The Eleventh Court of Appeals reviewed the 266th District Court of Erath County's decision. The Court clarified that Section 607.055 of the Government Code requires the claimant to initially establish a general causal link between their cancer and specific occupational exposures, as determined by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Concluding that the appellees failed to meet this statutory burden because the IARC's 98th Monograph did not associate pancreatic cancer with firefighting, the court reversed the trial court's judgment and rendered judgment in favor of the City.

Workers' CompensationDeath BenefitsPancreatic CancerFirefighter PresumptionOccupational DiseaseBurden of ProofStatutory InterpretationIARCCausationTexas Law
References
100
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